□ Reporter Wang Yu

□ Intern reporter Peng Xiaoyue Jin Xuelin

In recent times, false posing videos have caused controversy. Hot topics such as "The girl woke up and her blind date was already standing by the bed" and "a single father carried a child to takeout" have all been confirmed as posing, which has aroused criticism from public opinion. Judging from the content and dissemination of the staging incident, this type of staging video has some common characteristics.

Social hot spots have become the "hard-hit area" of posing and falsification. In order to attract attention, the posed videos often take advantage of social hot events, and stir up public emotions by fabricating family conflicts, fabricating tragic experiences, creating identity conflicts, imitating social conflicts, and exaggerating social unrest. On the one hand, social hot topics themselves have rich space for discussion, which meets the needs of some netizens to vent negative emotions. On the other hand, hot events have certain public opinion attributes, reflecting the misfortunes or unfair treatment that people may encounter in the current environment, and can cause strong emotional fluctuations such as anger, fear, worry, and sympathy among netizens, and thus mobilize their enthusiasm for clicking, commenting and spreading. For example, the internet celebrity "Qi Tiandao" with 40 million fans posed for a photo of a woman being "harmed" during a live broadcast. The vulgar and bad behavior aroused the indignation of netizens, and the live broadcast room once exceeded 2 million viewers.

The production of posed videos presents team-oriented and institutionalized characteristics. Most of the fake staging videos that have attracted attention are teamwork and institutional operations. From the perspective of production process, the staged video amplifies the occasionality, randomness and extremeness in real scenes, deliberately creating an atmosphere of universal and common problems, involving different divisions of labor such as script writing, shooting, and actors, which are easier to achieve under teamwork operation. According to Xi'an police investigation, the shooting incident of "a female stall owner from other places was bullied in a stall in Xi'an" was planned by the media company where the female stall owner "Fifei" was located. There were 11 people involved, and the team's division of labor was clear, so the public was confusing through shooting methods such as "photographing at different cameras and creating a perspective of passers-by." MCN practitioners also revealed that the characters and stories of these live-streaming anchors are carefully compiled and interpreted. Behind it is a "mature system" composed of MCN institutions, anchors, actors, screenwriters and other links. The more curious the plot, the greater the traffic, the easier it is to attract audiences to buy goods.

From the current fermentation process of false posing incidents and typical cases investigated and dealt with by functional departments in various places, online posing has formed a clear gray industrial chain: upstream manufacturing of character design and script plot, midstream shooting spread and diffusion, and downstream selling goods monetization. For example, the millions of fans and bloggers investigated and dealt with by Hubei police, who "little hard work" and rely on posing for "selling miserable" videos to attract fans and attract traffic. Their team earns hundreds of thousands of yuan a month through live broadcast rewards and goods. Self-media achieves a closed-loop chain of interests through the path of "styling photos - attracting fans - increasing fans - live streaming to bring goods". The root cause of the repeated ban on stage is the "traffic first" logic in the Internet era, with large returns on traffic monetization and low illegal costs. Therefore, to rectify the chaos of filming, it is necessary to coordinate with supervision, platform, media, the public and other parties to form a governance force, and to completely cut off the interest chain of the filming filming from the upper, middle and lower reaches.

The online platform is the first responsible entity for the governance of false posing and photographed photos, and is at the upstream of the governance link. Strengthening platform responsibilities and strengthening review and supervision has become the consensus of public opinion among all parties. At present, mainstream online platforms have responded to relevant departments' regulations and require creators to clearly mark their works in their "explanation". But from the actual results, the endless stream of staged videos show that the platform still has situations such as imperfect review mechanism and lax handling. During the shooting of the Internet celebrity "Qi Tiandao", the platform involved took the ban as soon as possible, but only banned for 15 days, which caused public opinion to be questioned and handled too lightly. Online platforms need to assume the main responsibility, further optimize the algorithm recommendation mechanism, organically combine technical identification with manual review, and improve operational control efficiency; improve complaint and reporting supervision channels, strictly punish anchors or MCN institutions who deliberately do not identify or create false personalities, promptly ban accounts such as vulgar and vulgar posing for profit, and hold MCN institutions jointly and severally liable.

The downstream of the false staging is live streaming to sell goods. Functional departments intervene and work together to cut off the monetization channels of black and gray traffic, and the power of fraud in the upstream and midstream has also weakened. At present, regulatory authorities focus on the management of platform and user content production. For profit-making behaviors such as anchor sales, they must be included in the supervision scope in a timely manner to urge the platform to standardize the management of rewards and sales of anchors and MCN institutions. During the 2024 Two Sessions, a deputy in One Congress suggested limiting the amount of rewards users to anchors, strictly controlling the reward share ratio of live broadcast platforms, and solving the platform's interest-driven efforts at the root. Judging from the cases investigated and dealt with by law enforcement and judicial organs, most staging people are subject to administrative penalties or banned from banning the account, which has a lower cost of violations and a weak legal deterrence. In a few cases, the posing profiteer was held criminally responsible for suspected false advertising. In this regard, regulatory departments should strengthen supervision of the performance of the platform's duties, and law enforcement and judicial departments need to increase their efforts to dig deep into the "master" behind the scenes for the bad social impact, especially the prominent problems such as organized fabrication of rumors, "water army" speculation, and diversion of goods, and hold relevant personnel accountable in accordance with the law. At the same time, give full play to the warning role of typical cases and guide practitioners to uphold the bottom line of the law.